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TSC87C51
CMOS 0 to 25 MHz Programmable 8-bit Microcontroller
Description
TEMIC's TSC87C51 is high performance CMOS EPROM version of the 80C51 CMOS single chip 8 bit microcontroller. The fully static design of the TSC87C51 allows to reduce system power consumption by bringing the clock frequency down to any value, even DC, without loss of data. The TSC87C51 retains all the features of the 80C51 with some enhancement: 4 K bytes of internal code memory (EPROM); 128 bytes of internal data memory (RAM); 32 I/O lines; two 16 bit timers; a 5-source, 2-level interrupt structure; a full duplex serial port with framing error detection; a power off flag; and an on-chip oscillator. The TSC87C51 has 2 software-selectable modes of reduced activity for further reduction in power consumption. In the idle mode the CPU is frozen while the RAM, the timers, the serial port and the interrupt system continue to function. In the power down mode the RAM is saved and all other functions are inoperative. The TSC87C51 is manufactured using non volatile SCMOS process which allows it to run up to: D 25 MHz with VCC = 5 V 10%.
Features
D 4 Kbytes of EPROM G G D D D D D D D
Improved Quick Pulse programming algorithm Secret ROM by encryption
D D D D D D D
Two-level interrupt priority Fully static design 0.8 SCMOS non volatile process ONCE Mode Enhanced Hooks system for emulation purpose Military temperature ranges (-55oC to + 125oC) Available packages: G G G G CDIL40 (OTP) CDIL40 (UV erasable) CQPJ44 (OTP) CQPJ44 (UV erasable)
128 bytes of RAM 64 Kbytes program memory space 64 Kbytes data memory space 32 programmable I/O lines Two 16 bit timer/counters Programmable serial port with framing error detection Power control modes
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TSC87C51
Block Diagram
EPROM
Figure 1 TSC87C51 Block diagram
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TSC87C51
Pin Configuration
P1.1/T2EX P0.0/AD0 P0.1/AD1 P0.2/AD2 P0.3/AD3 39 38 37 36 35 P1.0/T2 VSS1 VCC P1.4 P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 RST P3.0/RxD P3.1/TxD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P3.6/WR P3.7/RD XTAL2 XTAL1 VSS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 VCC P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 EA/VPP ALE/PROG PSEN P2.7 P2.6 P2.5 P2.4 P2.3 P2.2 P2.1 P2.0 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 RST P3.0/RxD Reserved P3.1/TxD P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 P3.6/WR P2.2/A10 VSS Reserved P2.3/A11 P2.4/A12 P3.7/RD P2.0/A8 P2.1/A9 XTAL2 XTAL1 P1.3 P1.2
6 5 4 3 2 1 44 43 42 41 40 P0.4/AD4 P0.5/AD5 P0.6/AD6 P0.7/AD7 EA/VPP Reserved ALE/PROG PSEN P2.7/A15 P2.6/A14 P2.5/A13
CQPJ
34 33 32 31 30 29
CDIL
Figure 2 TSC87C51 pin configuration Do not connect Reserved pins.
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TSC87C51
Pin Description
VSS
Circuit ground potential.
VSS1
Secondary ground (not on DIP). Provided to reduce ground bounce and improve power supply by-passing. Note: This pin is not a substitute for the VSS pin. Connection is not necessary for proper operation.
VCC
Supply voltage during normal, Idle, and Power Down operation.
Port 0
Port 0 is an 8 bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. Port 0 pins that have 1's written to them float, and in that state can be used as high-impedance inputs. Port 0 is also the multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses to external Program and Data Memory. In this application it uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1's. Port 0 can sink eight LS TTL inputs. Port 0 is used as data bus during EPROM programming and program verification.
Port 1
Port 1 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 1 pins that have 1's written to them are pulled high by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL, in the DC parameters section) because of the internal pullups. Port 1 can sink/ source three LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullups. Port 1 receives the low-order address byte during EPROM programming and program verification.
Port 2
Port 2 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 2 pins that have 1's written to them are pulled high by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL, in the DC parameters section) because of the internal pullups. Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external Program Memory and during accesses to external Data Memory that use 16 bit addresses (MOVX @DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pullups when emitting 1's. During accesses to external Data Memory that use 8 bit addresses (MOVX @Ri), Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register. Port 2 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullups. Some Port 2 pins receive the high-order address bits and control signals during EPROM programming and program verification.
Port 3
Port 3 is an 8 bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. Port 3 pins that have 1's written to them are pulled high by the internal pullups, and in that state can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL, in the DC parameters section) because of the pullups. 4 Rev. E
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TSC87C51
Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the TEMIC's C51 Family, as listed below:
Port Pin
P3.0 P3.1 P3.2 P3.3 P3.4 P3.5 P3.6 P3.7
Alternate Function
RxD (serial input port) TxD (serial output port) INT0 (external interrupt 0) INT1 (external interrupt 1) T0 (Timer 0 external input) T1 (Timer 1 external input) WR (external Data Memory write strobe) RD (external Data Memory read strobe)
Port 3 can sink/source three LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullups. Some Port 3 pins receive control signals during EPROM programming and program verification.
RST
A high level on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. An internal pull-down resistor permits Power-On reset using only a capacitor connected to VCC. The port pins will be driven to their reset condition when a minimum VIH1 voltage is applied whether the oscillator is started or not (asynchronous reset).
ALE/PROG
Address Latch Enable output for latching the low byte of the address during accesses to external memory. ALE is activated as though for this purpose at a constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency except during an external data memory access at which time one ALE pulse is skipped. ALE can sink/source 8 LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without external pullup. If desired, to reduce EMI, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0 of SFR location 8Eh (MSCON). With this bit set, the pin is weakly pulled high. However, ALE remains active during MOVX, MOVC instructions and external fetches. Setting the ALE disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode (EA=0). Throughout the remainder of this datasheet, ALE will refer to the signal coming out of the ALE/PROG pin, and the pin will be referred to as the ALE/PROG pin.
PSEN
Program Store Enable output is the read strobe to external Program Memory. PSEN is activated twice each machine cycle during fetches from external Program Memory. (However, when executing out of external Program Memory, two activations of PSEN are skipped during each access to external Data Memory). PSEN is not activated during fetches from internal Program Memory. PSEN can sink/source 8 LS TTL inputs. It can drive CMOS inputs without an external pullup.
EA/VPP
External Access enable. EA must be strapped to VSS in order to enable the device to fetch code from external Program Memory locations 0000h to FFFFh. Note however, that if any of the Security bits are programmed, EA will be internally latched on reset. EA should be strapped to VCC for internal program execution. This pin also receives the programming supply voltage (VPP) during EPROM programming.
XTAL1
Input to the inverting amplifier that forms the oscillator. Receives the external oscillator signal when an external oscillator is used.
XTAL2
Output from the inverting amplifier that forms the oscillator. This pin should be floated when an external oscillator is used. 5 Rev. E
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TSC87C51
New and Enhanced Features
In comparison to the original 80C51, the TSC87C51 implements some new and enhanced features. The new features are the Power Off Flag, the ONCE mode and the ALE disabling. The enhanced feature is located in the UART.
Power Off Flag
The Power Off Flag allows the user to distinguish between a `cold start' reset and a `warm start' reset. A cold start reset is one that is coincident with VCC being turned on to the device after it was turned off. A warm start reset occurs while VCC is still applied to the device and could be generated for example by an exit from Power Down. The Power Off Flag (POF) is located in PCON at bit location 4 (see Table 1). POF is set by hardware when VCC rises from 0 to its nominal voltage. The POF can be set or cleared by software allowing the user to determine the type of reset. Table 1 PCON - Power Control Register (87h)
7 SMOD1 6 SMOD0 5 - 4 POF 3 GF1 2 GF0 1 PD 0 IDL
Symbol
SMOD1 SMOD0
Description
Serial Port Mode bit 1, new name of SMOD bit Set to select double baud rate in mode 1,2 or 3. Serial Port Mode bit 0 Set to to select FE bit in SCON. Clear to select SM0 bit in SCON. Reserved Do not write 1 in this bit. Power Off Flag Set by hardware when VCC rises from 0 to its nominal voltage. Can also be set by software. Clear by software to recognize next reset type. General purpose Flag Set by software for general purpose usage. Clear by software for general purpose usage. General purpose Flag Set by software for general purpose usage. Clear by software for general purpose usage. Power Down mode bit Set to enter power down mode. Clear by hardware when reset occurs. Idle mode bit Set to enter idle mode. Clear by hardware when interrupt or reset occur.
- POF
GF1
GF0
PD
IDL
The reset value of PCON is 00XX 0000b.
ONCE Mode
The ONCE mode facilitates testing and debugging of systems using TSC87C51 without the TSC87C51 having to be removed from the circuit. The ONCE mode is invoked by driving certain pins of the TSC87C51, the following sequence must be exercised. D D Pull ALE low while the device is in reset (RST high) and PSEN is high. Hold ALE low as RST is deactivated.
While the TSC87C51 is in ONCE mode, an emulator or test CPU can be used to drive the circuit. Table 2 shows the status of the port pins during ONCE mode. Normal operation is restored when normal reset is applied. 6 Rev. E
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TSC87C51
Table 2 External pin status during ONCE mode
ALE
Weak pull-up
PSEN
Weak pull-up
Port 0
Float
Port 1
Weak pull-up
Port 2
Weak pull-up
Port 3
Weak pull-up
XTAL1/2
Active
ALE Disabling
The ALE signal is used to demultiplex address and data buses on port 0 when used with external program or data memory. Nevertheless, during internal code execution, ALE signal is still generated. In order to reduce EMI, ALE signal should be disabled by setting AO bit. The AO bit is located in MSCON at bit location 0 (see Table 3). As soon as AO is set, ALE is no longer output but remains active during MOVX and MOVC instructions and external fetches. During ALE disabling, ALE pin is weakly pulled high. Table 3 MSCON - Miscellaneous Control Register (8Eh)
7 - 6 - 5 - 4 - 3 - 2 - 1 - 0 AO
Symbol
- AO Reserved Do not write 1 in these bits.
Description
ALE Output bit Set to disable ALE operation during internal fetches. Clear to restore ALE operation during internal fetches.
The reset value of MSCON is XXXX XXX0b.
UART
The UART in the TSC87C51 operates identically to the UART in the 80C51 but includes the following enhancement. For a complete understanding of the TSC87C51 UART please refer to the description in the 80C51 Hardware Description Guide.
Framing Error Detection
Framing error detection allows the serial port to check for missing stop bits in the communication in mode 1, 2 or 3. A missing stop bit can be caused for example by noise on the serial lines or transmission by two CPUs simultaneously. If a stop bit is missing a Framing Error bit (FE) is set. The FE bit can be checked in software after each reception to detect communication errors. Once set, the FE bit must be cleared in software. A valid stop bit will not clear FE. The FE bit is located in SCON at bit location 7. It shares the same bit location as SM0 (see Table 4). The new control bit SMOD0 in PCON (see Table 1) determines whether the SM0 or FE bit is accessed (see Figure 3), so whether the framing error detection is enabled or not. If SMOD0 is set then SCON.7 functions as FE, if SMOD0 is cleared then SCON.7 functions as SM0. Once set, the FE bit must be cleared by software. A valid stop bit will not clear FE. When UART is in mode 1 (8-bit mode), RI flag is set during stop bit whether or not framing error is enabled (see Figure 4). When in mode 2 and 3 (9-bit mode), RI flag is set during stop bit if framing error is enabled or during ninth bit if not (see Figure 5).
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SM0/FE SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI Set FE bit if stop bit is 0 (framing error) SM0 to UART mode control SMOD1 SMOD0 - POF GF1 GF0 PD IDL
To UART framing error control
Figure 3 Framing error block diagram
RXD
Start bit
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Stop bit
Data byte
RI SMOD0=X FE SMOD0=1
Figure 4 Enhanced UART timing diagram in mode 1
RXD
Start bit
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
Ninth bit Stop bit
Data byte
RI SMOD0=0 RI SMOD0=1 FE SMOD0=1
Figure 5 Enhanced UART timing diagram in mode 2 and 3 Table 4 SCON - Serial Control Register (98h)
7 SM0/FE
Symbol FE
6 SM1
5 SM2
Description
4 REN
3 TB8
2 RB8
1 TI
0 RI
Framing Error bit (SMOD0 bit set) Set by hardware when an invalid stop bit is detected. Clear to reset the error state, not cleared by a valid stop bit. Serial Mode bit 0 (SMOD0 bit cleared) Used with SM1 to select serial mode. Serial Mode bit 1 Used with SM0 to select serial mode. Multiprocessor Communication Enable bit Set to enable multiprocessor communication feature in mode 2 and 3. Clear to disable multiprocessor communication feature. Serial Reception Enable bit Set to enable serial reception. Clear to disable serial reception.
SM0 SM1 SM2
REN
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TSC87C51
Symbol TB8 Description Ninth bit to transmit in mode 2 and 3 Set to transmit a logic 1 in the 9th bit. Clear to transmit a logic 0 in the 9th bit. Ninth bit received in mode 2 and 3 Set by hardware if 9th bit received is logic 1. Clear by hardware if 9th bit received is logic 0. Transmit Interrupt Flag Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in mode 0 or at the beginning of the stop bit in the other modes. Clear to acknowledge interrupt. Receive Interrupt Flag Set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in mode 0, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 in the other modes. Clear to acknowledge interrupt.
RB8
TI
RI
The reset value of SCON is 0000 0000b.
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TSC87C51
EPROM
EPROM Structure
The TSC87C51 EPROM is divided in two different arrays: D D D the code array: the encryption array: 4 Kbytes. 64 bytes.
In addition a third non programmable array is implemented: the signature array: 4 bytes.
EPROM Lock System
The program Lock system, when programmed, protects the on-chip program against software piracy.
Encryption Array
Within the EPROM array are 64 bytes of encryption array that are initially unprogrammed (all 1's). Every time a byte is addressed during program verify, 6 address lines are used to select a byte of the encryption array. This byte is then exclusive-NOR'ed (XNOR) with the code byte, creating an encryption verify byte. The algorithm, with the encryption array in the unprogrammed state, will return the code in its original, unmodified form. When using the encryption array, one important factor needs to be considered. If a byte has the value FFh, verifying the byte will produce the encryption byte value. If a large block (>64 bytes) of code left unprogrammed, a verification routine will display the content of the encryption array. For this reason all the unused code bytes should be programmed with random values. This will ensure program protection.
EPROM Programming
Set-up modes
In order to program and verify the EPROM or to read the signature bytes, the TSC87C51 is placed in specific set-up modes (see Figure 6). Control and program signals must be held at the levels indicated in Table 5.
Definition of terms
Address Lines: Data Lines: Control Signals: P1.0-P1.7, P2.0-P2.3 respectively for A0-A11 P0.0-P0.7 for D0-D7 RST, PSEN, P2.6, P2.7, P3.3, P3.6, P3.7.
Program Signals: ALE/PROG, EA/VPP. Table 5 EPROM Set-up Modes
Mode
Program Code data Verify Code data Program Encryption Array Address 0-3Fh Read Signature Bytes
RST
1 1 1 1
PSEN
0 0 0 0
ALE/ PROG
1
EA/VPP
12.75V 1 12.75V
P2.6
0 0 0 0
P2.7
1
P3.3
1 0
P3.6
1 1 0 0
P3.7
1 1 1 0
1
1 0
1
1
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+5V PROGRAM SIGNALS* EA/VPP ALE/PROG P0.0-P0.7 RST PSEN P2.6 P2.7 P3.3 P3.6 P3.7 XTAL1 D0-D7 VCC
P1.0-P1.7 P2.0-P2.3
A0-A7 A8-A11
CONTROL SIGNALS*
4 to 6 MHz
VSS GND
* See Table 5 for proper value on these inputs
Figure 6 Set-up modes configuration
Programming algorithm
The Improved Quick Pulse algorithm is based on the Quick Pulse algorithm and decreases the number of pulses applied during byte programming from 25 to 5. To program the TSC87C51 the following sequence must be exercised: D D D D D Step 1: Input the valid address on the address lines. Step 2: Input the appropriate data on the data lines. Step 3: Activate the combination of control signals. Step 4: Raise EA/VPP from VCC to VPP (typical 12.75V). Step 5: Pulse ALE/PROG 5 times.
Repeat step 1 through 5 changing the address and data for the entire array or until the end of the object file is reached (see Figure 7).
Verify algorithm
Code array verify must be done after each byte or block of bytes is programmed. In either case, a complete verify of the programmed array will ensure reliable programming of the TSC87C51. To verify the TSC87C51 code the following sequence must be exercised : D D D D Step 1: Activate the combination of program signals. Step 2: Input the valid address on the address lines. Step 3: Input the appropriate data on the data lines. Step 4: Activate the combination of control signals.
Repeat step 2 through 4 changing the address and data for the entire array (see Figure 7). The encryption array cannot be directly verified. Verification of the encryption array is done by observing that the code array is well encrypted. 11 Rev. E
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Programming Cycle A0-A11 D0-D7 Data In
100us 10us 4 5
Read/Verify Cycle
Data Out
ALE/PROG 12.75V 5V 0V
1
23
EA/VPP Control signals
Figure 7 Programming and verification signal's waveform
Signature bytes
The TSC87C51 has four signature bytes in location 30h, 31h, 60h and 61h. To read these bytes follow the procedure for EPROM verify but activate the control lines provided in Table 5 for Read Signature Bytes. Table 6 shows the content of the signature byte for the TSC87C51. Table 6 Signature bytes content
Location
30h 31h 60h 61h
Contents
58h 58h 9Eh XXh
Comment
Customer selection byte: TEMIC Family selection byte: C51 TSC87C51 Product revision number
EPROM Erasure (Windowed Packages Only)
Erasing the EPROM erases the code array and also the encryption array returning the parts to full functionality. Erasure leaves all the EPROM cells in a 1's state.
Erasure Characteristics
The recommended erasure procedure is exposure to ultraviolet light (at 2537 A) to an integrated dose at least 15 W-sec/cm2. Exposing the EPROM to an ultraviolet lamp of 12,000 W/cm2 rating for 30 minutes, at a distance of about 25 mm, should be sufficient. Erasure of the EPROM begins to occur when the chip is exposed to light with wavelength shorter than approximately 4,000 A. Since sunlight and fluorescent lighting have wavelengths in this range, exposure to these light sources over an extended time (about 1 week in sunlight, or 3 years in room-level fluorescent lighting) could cause inadvertent erasure. If an application subjects the device to this type of exposure, it is suggested that an opaque label be placed over the window.
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TSC87C51
Electrical Characteristics
Absolute Maximum Ratings(1)
Ambiant Temperature Under Bias: M = military . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55_C to 125_C Storage Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . -65_C to + 150_C Voltage on VCC to VSS . . . . . . . . . . -0.5 V to + 6.5 V Voltage on VPP to VSS . . . . . . . . . . . -0.5 V to + 13 V Voltage on Any Pin to VSS . . . -0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V Power Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 W(2) Notice: 1. Stresses at or above those listed under " Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions may affect device reliability.
2. This value is based on the maximum allowable die temperature and
the thermal resistance of the package.
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DC Parameters for Standard Voltage, commercial, industrial and military temperature range
TA = -55C to +125C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 5V 10%; F = 0 to 25 MHz.
Symbol
VIL VIH VIH1 VOL
Parameter
Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage except XTAL1, RST Input High Voltage, XTAL1, RST Output Low Voltage, ports 1, 2, 3
(6)
Min
-0.5 0.2 VCC + 1.2 (military) 0.7 VCC
Typ
Max
0.2 VCC - 0.1 VCC + 0.5 VCC + 0.5 0.3 0.45 1.0
Unit
V V V V V V V V V V V V
Test Conditions
IOL = 100A(4) IOL = 1.6mA(4) IOL = 3.5mA(4) IOL = 200A(4) IOL = 3.2mA(4) IOL = 7.0mA(4) IOH = -10A IOH = -30A IOH = -60A VCC = 5V 10%
VOL1
Output Low Voltage, port 0, ALE, PSEN (6)
0.3 0.45 1.0
VOH
Output High Voltage, ports 1, 2, 3
VCC - 0.3 VCC - 0.7 VCC - 1.5
VOH1
Output High Voltage, port 0, ALE, PSEN
VCC - 0.3 VCC - 0.7 VCC - 1.5
V V V
IOH = -200A IOH = -3.2mA IOH = -7.0mA VCC = 5V 10%
RRST IIL ILI ITL CIO IPD ICC
RST Pulldown Resistor Logical 0 Input Current ports 1, 2 and 3 Input Leakage Current Logical 1 to 0 Transition Current, ports 1, 2, 3 Capacitance of I/O Buffer Power Down Current Power Supply Current (7) Freq = 1 MHz Freq = 6 MHz Icc op Icc idle Icc op Icc idle
50
90
(5)
200 -50 10 -650 10
k A A A pF A Vin = 0.45V 0.45 < Vin < VCC Vin = 2.0V fc = 1MHz, TA = 25C VCC = 2.0V to 5.5V(3)
10 (5)
50
1.8 1 10 4
mA mA mA mA mA mA
VCC = 5.5V(1) VCC = 5.5V(2)
Freq 12 MHz Icc op = 1.25 Freq (MHz) + 5 mA Icc idle = 0.36 Freq (MHz) + 2.7 mA Icc idle = 0.4 Freq (MHz) + 2.7 mA (military)
(5)
20@12MHz 40@25MHz 8@12MHz 13@25MHz
Notes for DC Electrical Characteristics 1. Operating ICC is measured with all output pins disconnected; XTAL1 driven with TCLCH, TCHCL = 5 ns (see Figure 11), VIL = VSS + 0.5V, VIH = VCC - 0.5V; XTAL2 N.C.; EA = RST = Port 0 = VCC. ICC would be slightly higher if a crystal oscillator used (see NO TAG). 2. Idle ICC is measured with all output pins disconnected; XTAL1 driven with TCLCH, TCHCL = 5ns, VIL = VSS + 0.5V, VIH = VCC-0.5V; XTAL2 N.C; Port 0 = VCC; EA = RST = VSS (see Figure 9). 3. Power Down ICC is measured with all output pins disconnected; EA = VSS, PORT 0 = VCC; XTAL2 NC.; RST = VSS (see NO TAG). 4. Capacitance loading on Ports 0 and 2 may cause spurious noise pulses to be superimposed on the VOLs of ALE and Ports 1 and 3. The noise is due to external bus capacitance discharging into the Port 0 and Port 2 pins when these pins make 1 to 0 transitions during bus operation. In the worst
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cases (capacitive loading 100pF), the noise pulse on the ALE line may exceed 0.45V with maxi VOL peak 0.6V. A Schmitt Trigger use is not necessary. 5. Typicals are based on a limited number of samples and are not guaranteed. The values listed are at room temperature and 5V. 6. Under steady state (non-transient) conditions, IOL must be externally limited as follows: Maximum IOL per port pin: 10 mA Maximum IOL per 8-bit port: Port 0: 26 mA Ports 1, 2 and 3: 15 mA Maximum total IOL for all output pins: 71 mA If IOL exceeds the test condition, VOL may exceed the related specification. Pins are not guaranteed to sink current greater than the listed test conditions. 7. For other values, please contact your sales office.
VCC ICC VCC P0 VCC RST (NC) CLOCK SIGNAL XTAL2 XTAL1 VSS All other pins are disconnected. EA RST (NC) XTAL2 XTAL1 VSS VCC ICC VCC P0 EA
VCC
VCC
All other pins are disconnected.
Figure 8 ICC Test Condition, Active Mode
VCC ICC VCC P0 VCC
Figure 10 ICC Test Condition, Power Down Mode
VCC-0.5V 0.45V RST (NC) CLOCK SIGNAL XTAL2 XTAL1 VSS All other pins are disconnected. EA TCHCL TCLCH TCLCH = TCHCL = 5ns.
0.7VCC 0.2VCC-0.1
Figure 9 ICC Test Condition, Idle Mode
Figure 11 Clock Signal Waveform for ICC Tests in Active and Idle Modes
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AC Parameters
Explanation of the AC Symbols
Each timing symbol has 5 characters. The first character is always a "T" (stands for time). The other characters, depending on their positions, stand for the name of a signal or the logical status of that signal. The following is a list of all the characters and what they stand for. Example: TAVLL = Time for Address Valid to ALE Low. TLLPL = Time for ALE Low to PSEN Low.
TA = -55C to +125C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 5V 10%; F = 0 to 12MHz. (Load Capacitance for PORT 0, ALE and PSEN = 100pf; Load Capacitance for all other outputs = 80 pF.)
External Program Memory Characteristics
0 to 12 MHz Symbol
TLHLL TAVLL TLLAX TLLIV TLLPL TPLPH TPLIV TPXIX TPXIZ TPXAV TAVIV TPXAV
25 MHz Max Min Max
70 20 28
Parameter
ALE pulse width Address Valid to ALE Address Hold After ALE ALE to Valid Instruction In ALE to PSEN PSEN Pulse Width PSEN to Valid Instruction In Input Instruction Hold After PSEN Input Instruction FloatAfter PSEN PSEN to Address Valid Address to Valid Instruction In PSEN Low to Address Float
Min
2TCLCL - 40 TCLCL - 40 TCLCL - 30
Units
ns ns ns
4TCLCL - 100 TCLCL - 30 3TCLCL - 45 3TCLCL - 105 0 TCLCL - 25 TCLCL - 8 5TCLCL - 105 10 40 0 30 100
120
ns ns ns
80
ns ns
35
ns ns
140 10
ns ns
External Program Memory Read Cycle
12 TCLCL
TLHLL TLLIV TLLPL TPLPH
ALE
PSEN
TLLAX TAVLL TPLIV TPLAZ TPXIX
TPXAV TPXIZ
PORT 0
INSTR IN
A0-A7
TAVIV
INSTR IN
A0-A7
INSTR IN
PORT 2
ADDRESS OR SFR-P2
ADDRESS A8-A15
ADDRESS A8-A15
16 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000
TSC87C51
External Data Memory Characteristics
0 to 12 MHz Symbol
TRLRH TWLWH TRLDV TRHDX TRHDZ TLLDV TAVDV TLLWL TAVWL TQVWX TQVWH TWHQX TRLAZ TWHLH
25 MHz Max Min Max 210 210 Units
ns ns
Parameter
RD Pulse Width WR Pulse Width RD to Valid Data In Data Hold After RD Data Float After RD ALE to Valid Data In Address to Valid Data In ALE to WR or RD Address to WR or RD Data Valid to WR Transition Data set-up to WR High Data Hold After WR RD Low to Address Float RD or WR High to ALE high
Min
6TCLCL-100 6TCLCL-100
5TCLCL-165 0 2TCLCL-60 8TCLCL-150 9TCLCL-165 3TCLCL-50 4TCLCL-130 TCLCL-50 7TCLCL-150 TCLCL-50 0 TCLCL-40 TCLCL+40 3TCLCL+50
170 0 70 290 320 130 140 15 250 30 0 25 50 170
ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
External Data Memory Write Cycle
TWHLH
ALE
PSEN
TLLWL
TWLWH
WR
TQVWX TLLAX TQVWH TWHQX
PORT 0
A0-A7
TAVWL
DATA OUT
PORT 2
ADDRESS OR SFR-P2
ADDRESS A8-A15 OR SFR P2
17 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000
TSC87C51
External Data Memory Read Cycle
TWHLH
ALE
TLLDV
PSEN
TLLWL
TRLRH
RD
TAVDV TLLAX TRHDX
TRHDZ
PORT 0
A0-A7
TAVWL TRLAZ
DATA IN
PORT 2
ADDRESS OR SFR-P2
ADDRESS A8-A15 OR SFR P2
Serial Port Timing - Shift Register Mode
0 to 12MHz Symbol
TXLXL TQVHX TXHQX TXHDX TXHDV
25 MHz Max Min Max 480 380 65 0 Units
ns ns ns ns
Parameter
Serial port clock cycle time Output data set-up to clock rising edge Output data hold after clock rising edge Input data hold after clock rising edge Clock rising edge to input data valid
Min
12TCLCL 10TCLCL-133 2TCLCL-117 0
10TCLCL-133
350
ns
Shift Register Timing Waveforms
INSTRUCTION ALE TXLXL CLOCK TQVXH OUTPUT DATA WRITE to SBUF INPUT DATA CLEAR RI 0 TXHDV
VALID VALID
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TXHQX 1 2 TXHDX
VALID VALID VALID VALID VALID
3
4
5
6
7 SET TI
VALID
SET RI
18 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000
TSC87C51
EPROM Programming and Verification Characteristics
TA = 21C to 27C; VSS = 0V; VCC = 5V 10%. Symbol
VPP IPP 1/TCLCL TAVGL
TGHAX TDVGL TGHDX
Parameter
Programming Supply Voltage
Min
12.5
Max
13 75
Units
V mA MHz
Programming Supply Current Oscillator Frquency Address Setup to PROG Low
Adress Hold after PROG
4 48 TCLCL 48 TCLCL 48 TCLCL 48 TCLCL 48 TCLCL 10 10 90
6
Data Setup to PROG Low Data Hold after PROG
(Enable) High to VPP
TEHSH
TSHGL TGHSL TGLGH TAVQV TELQV TEHQZ TGHGL
VPP Setup to PROG Low VPP Hold after PROG PROG Width Address to Valid Data ENABLE Low to Data Valid
Data Float after ENABLE
s s 110 48 TCLCL 48 TCLCL s
0 10
48 TCLCL s
PROG High to PROG Low
EPROM Programming and Verification Waveforms
PROGRAMMING
P1.0-P1.7 P2.0-P2.3
VERIFICATION ADDRESS
TAVQV
ADDRESS
P0
TDVGL TAVGL
DATA IN
5 Pulses
TGHDX TGHAX TGHSL
DATA OUT
ALE/PROG
TSHGL TGLGH TGHGL VPP TEHSH
EA/VCC CONTROL SIGNALS (ENABLE)
VCC
VCC TELQV
TEHQZ
19 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000
TSC87C51
External Clock Drive Characteristics (XTAL1)
Symbol
TCLCL TCHCX TCLCX TCLCH TCHCL
Parameter
Oscillator Period High Time Low Time Rise Time Fall Time
Min
40 5 5
Max
Units
ns ns ns
5 5
ns ns
External Clock Drive Waveforms
VCC-0.5V 0.45V 0.7VCC 0.2VCC-0.1 TCHCL TCLCX TCLCL TCHCX TCLCH
AC Testing Input/Output Waveforms
VCC -0.5 V INPUT/OUTPUT 0.45 V 0.2 VCC + 0.9 0.2 VCC - 0.1
AC inputs during testing are driven at VCC - 0.5 for a logic "1" and 0.45V for a logic "0". Timing measurement are made at VIH min for a logic "1" and VIL max for a logic "0".
Float Waveforms
FLOAT VOH - 0.1 V VOL + 0.1 V VLOAD VLOAD + 0.1 V VLOAD - 0.1 V
For timing purposes as port pin is no longer floating when a 100 mV change from load voltage occurs and begins to float when a 100 mV change from the loaded VOH/VOL level occurs. IOL/IOH 20mA.
20 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000
TSC87C51
Clock Waveforms
STATE4 P1 P2 STATE5 P1 P2 STATE6 P1 P2 STATE1 P1 P2 STATE2 P1 P2 STATE3 P1 P2 STATE4 P1 P2 STATE5 P1 P2 INTERNAL CLOCK XTAL2 ALE THESE SIGNALS ARE NOT ACTIVATED DURING THE EXECUTION OF A MOVX INSTRUCTION
EXTERNAL PROGRAM MEMORY FETCH PSEN P0 DATA SAMPLED FLOAT P2 (EXT) PCL OUT DATA SAMPLED FLOAT INDICATES ADDRESS TRANSITIONS
PCL OUT
DATA SAMPLED FLOAT
PCL OUT
READ CYCLE RD PCL OUT (IF PROGRAM MEMORY IS EXTERNAL) P0 DPL OR Rt OUT DATA SAMPLED FLOAT P2 INDICATES DPH OR P2 SFR TO PCH TRANSITION
WRITE CYCLE WR PCL OUT (EVEN IF PROGRAM MEMORY IS INTERNAL) DPL OR Rt OUT DATA OUT P2 INDICATES DPH OR P2 SFR TO PCH TRANSITION PCL OUT (IF PROGRAM MEMORY IS EXTERNAL)
P0
PORT OPERATION MOV PORT SRC OLD DATA P0 PINS SAMPLED MOV DEST P0 MOV DEST PORT (P1. P2. P3) (INCLUDES INTO. INT1. TO T1) SERIAL PORT SHIFT CLOCK TXD (MODE 0) P1, P2, P3 PINS SAMPLED P1, P2, P3 PINS SAMPLED NEW DATA P0 PINS SAMPLED
RXD SAMPLED
RXD SAMPLED
This diagram indicates when signals are clocked internally. The time it takes the signals to propagate to the pins, however, ranges from 25 to 125ns. This propagation delay is dependent on variables such as temperature and pin loading. Propagation also varies from output to output and component. Typically though (TA=25_C fully loaded) RD and WR propagation delays are approximately 50ns. The other signals are typically 85ns. Propagation delays are incorporated in the AC specifications. 21 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000
TSC87C51
Ordering Information
TSC 87C51 -25 M G /883
-25: 25 MHz version
OTP Packaging G: CDIL 40 (.6) I: CQPJ 44 EPROM-UV Erasable J: Window CDIL 40 K: Window CQPJ 44
Part Number 87C51: Programmable ROM
TEMIC Semiconductors Microcontroller Product Line
Quality Flow Blank : Military temperature MQ : QML.Q* /883 : M.I-STD 883 CLASS B Temperature Range M:Military -55 to 125C
* The Standart Microcircuit Drawing 5962-87684 must be used as the reference for QML-Q procurement.
22 Rev. E
- July 03, 2000

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